SUGAR CANE is a plant used as raw material for making sugar by crystallizing the water contained in sugar cane. This type of grass plant (Gramineae) can only grow well in tropical climates. Ripe or mature sugar cane occurs when the sugar cane is one year old from planting until harvest time.
HOW TO PLANT SUGAR CANE can be done in the following way:
1. Land processing can be done manually or mechanically
2. Create a network
3. Prepare seeds that are 5-7 months old
4. Spread the seeds on the cultivated land
5. Cover the seeds that have been spread again
6. Irrigate land for land that has irrigation water
7. Especially for rainfed land, sugar cane planting is carried out at the beginning of the rainy season.
SUGAR CANE PLANTING SYSTEM or METHOD
1. The Single Row Cane Planting Method is planting sugar cane in rows or rows that have been made with the same size between the first row and the next row. The size of the row spacing is 100 cm, 110 cm, 120 cm and 130 cm.
2. The Double Vault Method is a system for planting sugar cane by adjusting the spacing. The distance between the nets is generally 50 cm on narrow paths and 140 cm on wide paths (50-50-140-50-50). The planting pattern uses a double ridge system with the hope of increasing sugar cane production.
3. The Ring Pit Method is a sugar cane planting pattern by making holes in a circle and making them regularly in one row with a predetermined distance between the planting holes. One hole can be filled with 8 shoots as initial sugar cane seeds.
CANE FERTILIZATION
1. Basic Fertilization is done by sowing fertilizer on the trail where sugarcane seeds will be planted
2. The first fertilizer is carried out when the sugar cane is 45 days old
3. The second fertilizer is carried out when the sugar cane has matured for 3 months
Fertilizing sugar cane really determines the success of sugar cane plants, fertilizer with the wrong dose and timing will have a big impact on the growth and yield of sugar cane. Moorland and irrigated land have different fertilization schedules. On dry land, the distance between the first and second fertilization should not be too far because the season will catch up with you. The distance between the first and second fertilization should be no more than 45 days so that the fertilizer can be absorbed optimally. This is different from irrigation water, where the fertilization schedule can be adjusted to follow sugarcane growth because you don't have to worry about water availability. The minimum fertilizer dose for sugar cane plants is 1 ton per hectare to achieve optimal growth.
CANE WEEDING is the activity of cleaning sugar cane from weeds that can interfere with the growth of sugar cane. Weeding can be done manually, for example with a hoe, pulling or spraying with systemic herbicides.
Sugarcane can be dried in one cycle at least twice. The first drying is when the sugar cane is 1.5 months old, the second drying is when the sugar cane is 4 months old.
MANAGEMENT OF SUGAR CANE PESTS
Pests are animals that have a negative impact on sugar cane growth, for example, stem borers and rats.
Fire sore is a disease of sugar cane that often occurs and can be confirmed in sugar cane fields, whether it is newly planted sugar cane or freshly pressed sugar cane. Fire wounds can be treated by pulling them out and burning them so they don't spread to other sugar cane plants.
SUGAR CANE ACTIVITIES is the activity of bringing the soil closer to the base of the sugar cane stalk. Sugar cane cane cane can be done manually using a hoe or mechanically using a plow machine. Bumbun should be done after fertilization with the aim of covering the fertilizer with soil, so that the fertilizer does not evaporate.
Sugar cane powder has several benefits in sugar cane plants, including:
1. Bring food or nutrition closer to the base of the sugarcane stalk, so that the sugarcane will be healthy, the stalk will be bigger and there will be more cane saplings.
2. Sugar cane that is planted will be stronger and minimize the cane stalks collapsing as the sugar cane grows longer and bigger.
3. Minimize attacks by rat pests which can attack sugar cane stalks, clean land is the condition that rat pests least like.
SUGAR CANE CLENTEK is the activity of disposing of old or dry sugar cane leaves (dry leaf release). The initial Klentek is when the sugar cane is 3 months old, the second Klentek is when the cane is 6 months old. The purpose of the sugar cane temple:
1. Improve air circulation
2. Cleanliness of the sugar cane plantation so that the sugar cane grows without weeds
3. Increase the amount of sunlight entering the sugar cane stalks
4. Reduce stem borer pest population attacks
5. Prevents the roots from coming out in the sugar cane segments
6. Increase the number of healthy sugarcane saplings that grow rapidly
7. Makes it easier to harvest sugar cane
8. Improve the quality of the harvest
9. Increase the yield and weight of sugar cane
Негізгі бет Sugar cane cultivars influence air circulation, sunlight and stem borer pests
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