Task-Based Learning: what it is?
Task-Based Learning (TBL) is all about your students creating, producing, or designing something in class… it could be anything… anything at all. TBL includes the 21st Century skills of Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, and Critical Thinking (4C’s) and can also be described as a short interactive assignment that results in a finished product.
The Task part of Task-Based Learning has been (more or less) defined by linguistic scholars as:
things people do in everyday life (Long, 1985).
a goal-oriented activity that leads to an outcome or result (Willis, 1996).
a completed work plan which can be assessed (Ellis, 2003).
What kind of activity is a task?
In 2007, Jane Willis and her husband Dave Willis came up with the following criteria in their book Doing Task-Based Teaching (pp. 12-14) which can be used to discern a task:
Will the activity engage learners’ interest?
Is there a primary focus on meaning?
Is there a goal or an outcome?
Is success judged in terms of the result?
Is completion a priority?
Does the activity relate to real-world activities?
If your answer is yes to all the questions, you can be sure that the classroom activity you have in mind is task-like.
TBL is an approach to teaching that was originally used by second or foreign-language teachers. It is an approach that stems from Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) - a language teacher methodology - which emerged in the 1970s.
Language teachers originally adopted Task-Based Learning for a variety of reasons with the most important being the desire to make their classrooms more student-centered, communicative, and collaborative by incorporating more interactive tasks.
Task-Based Learning (TBL) is also known as Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) and Task-Based Instruction (TBI). Its principal focus is on the completion of meaningful tasks. Such tasks can include creating a poster, producing a newsletter, video, or pamphlet, or designing a map of the school o
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