Cycle de conférences de Ivan Krastev : The Fear of Shrinking Numbers. Democracy, Demography and the East-West Divide in Europe / L'angoisse du déclin. Démocratie, démographie et fracture Est-Ouest en Europe
Conférence du 07 octobre 2021 en anglais : Democratization and Ethnic (De)Homogenization
Cette conférence s'inscrit dans le cycle Europe du Collège de France 2021-2022 consacré au thème Les deux Europes.
Conférencier invité : Ivan Krastev, Président du Centre for Liberal Strategies de Sofia (Bulgarie), invité par la professeure Samantha Besson.
The second lecture focuses on the centrality of the demographic factor in explaining the transformation of European liberal democracies and European welfare states. It argues that while until recently, the relationship between democracy and demography was usually thought of in Malthusian terms (too many people and not enough resources), the demographic shock voiced in parts of Europe today is radically different.
It is caused by political fears of demographic decline, depopulation, and a widening gap in opportunities and social attitudes between metropolitan centers and outlying areas. The picture is especially bleak in Central and Eastern Europe, where fertility is low and outmigration is high. The United Nations estimates that since the 1990s, the nations of this region have lost about 6 percent of their collective population, or about eighteen-million persons. If these people formed a country, it would be nearly as populous as the Czech Republic and Hungary combined.
The lecture discusses the diverging paths of ethnic homogenization and ethnic diversity in the West of Europe and the East of Europe since World War I and its significance in explaining the nature of Central European populism of today.
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