The Purloined Letter is a short story by Edgar Allan Poe, first published in 1844. It is considered one of the first detective stories and features C. Auguste Dupin, a detective who solves the crime by using his intellect and deductive reasoning.
The story begins with Dupin being visited by the Prefect of the Paris police, who is seeking his help in recovering a stolen letter. The letter is in the possession of a Minister who is using it to blackmail the queen of France. The police have searched the Minister's residence but have been unable to find the letter. Dupin agrees to help and begins his investigation.
Dupin learns that the letter is hidden in plain sight, in a card rack in the Minister's apartment. The Minister is aware that the police are searching for the letter and has disguised it by placing it in a common-looking envelope and sealing it with his own seal. Dupin realizes that the police have been searching for a letter with a distinctive seal and have overlooked the common-looking envelope.
Dupin devises a plan to recover the letter. He and his friend, an unnamed narrator, visit the Minister's apartment and distract him by engaging him in conversation. While the Minister is distracted, Dupin swaps the letter with a fake one that he has prepared. The fake letter looks identical to the original but contains only meaningless text.
Dupin and the narrator leave the apartment with the real letter, and Dupin instructs the Prefect to send an accomplice to the Minister's residence to retrieve the fake letter. The accomplice is successful, and the Minister is unaware that he has been duped.
The story ends with Dupin revealing to the narrator and the Prefect how he was able to solve the crime. He explains that he was able to think like the Minister and anticipate his actions. By understanding the Minister's character, he was able to deduce where the letter was hidden and how to recover it.
Overall, "The Purloined Letter" is a classic detective story that showcases the power of deductive reasoning and the importance of understanding human nature. Dupin's ability to think like the criminal and anticipate his actions is what ultimately allows him to solve the crime.
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