The guillotine, a French-designed machine, was used to execute those condemned to death by decapitation.
It owes its name to Dr Joseph Ignace Guillotin, a member of the National Constituent Assembly, who in 1789 proposed replacing the punishments in force at the time with a quicker, less painful and more egalitarian method for all citizens.
The designer of the machine was Dr Antoine Louis, perpetual secretary of the Royal Academy of Surgery. He was inspired by ancient models of decapitation machines, such as the Italian mannaia and the Scottish maiden.
The first manufacturer of the machine was Tobias Schmidt, a German piano and harpsichord maker based in Paris. He made the first wooden guillotine, with an oblique blade and a basket to catch the severed head.
The first execution by guillotine took place on 25 April 1792 on the Place de Grève in Paris. The condemned man was a thief named Nicolas Jacques Pelletier. The crowds were disappointed by the speed and lack of spectacle of the machine.
The guillotine quickly became the symbol of the French Revolution, particularly during the Terror, when it was used to execute thousands of people, including King Louis XVI, Queen Marie-Antoinette and the revolutionaries Robespierre and Danton.
The guillotine was used in France until 1977, when the last execution was carried out. The guillotine was finally retired after the death penalty was abolished in 1981. It was also used in
Негізгі бет The secrets of the GUILLOTINE during the REVOLUTION
No video
Пікірлер: 205