Thermoregulation in Mammals || Homeostasis | 12th Biology | Chapter 15 | Inter Part 2 | Ucademy
THERMOREGULATION IN MAMMALS (HUMAN)
Regulatory Strategies
Mammals including human maintain their high body temperature within a narrow range of about
36-38 °C because of their endothermic characteristics. The origin of endothermy in birds and
mammals have provided the opportunity to keep high metabolic rate and availability of energy
round the clock, thus has acquired greater ability to adaptations and has assisted in much of their
wider diversity and distribution in diversified regions of the earth.
These regulate the rate of metabolic heat production, balancing it with the rate at which they
gain or lose heat from the surroundings. The rate of heat production is increased by increased
muscle contraction by movements or shivering so-called as shivering thermogenesis. Also
hormones trigger the heat production as do thyroid hormones and are termed as non-shivering
thermogenesis. Some mammals possess brown fat, which is specialized for rapid heat production.
An overproduction of heat, it is dissipated through exposed surfaces by increasing blood low or
the evaporative cooling. In mammals, it is observed that skin has been adapted as the organ of
thermoregulation.
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