Relaxing the temporal constancy constraint on coupling constants in an expanding universe results in Friedmann equations comprising terms that may be interpreted as dark energy and dark matter.
When tired light (TL) is included to complement the redshift due to the expanding universe, the resulting covarying coupling constants (CCC+TL) model not only fits the Type Ia supernovae data as precisely as the LCDM model but also resolves concerns about the angular size of cosmic dawn galaxies observed by the James Webb Space Telescope (2023 MNRAS 524, 3385).
The model complies with the baryon acoustic oscillation features in the galaxy distribution and the cosmic microwave background (CMB) (2024 ApJ 964, 55). I will show that dark energy and dark matter of the standard cid:clip_image002.pngCDM model are not arbitrary but can be derived from the CCC approach based on Dirac's 1937 hypothesis. The energy densities associated with dark matter and dark energy turn out to be about the same in the Lambda CDM and the CCC+TL models. However, the critical density in the new model can only account for the baryonic matter in the universe, raising concerns about how to account for observations requiring dark matter. Analysis of some key parameters of structure formation shows that due to the universe's increased age, such structures can easily form without dark matter in the CCC+TL scenario. It requires reconsidering alternatives to dark matter to explain observations on gravitationally bound structures. The model's consistency with the CMB power spectrum, BBN element abundances, and other critical observations is yet to be established.
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Негізгі бет Ғылым және технология Tired Light, Varying Constants and a 26 Billion Year Old Universe | Rajendra Gupta
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