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Afghanistan, whose previous name was Ariyana, was so named about a century and a half ago by King Ahmad Shah. Afghanistan shares borders with China, India, Pakistan, Iran and Asiatic Russia. In ancient times these borders were crossed many times by the routes of commerce and conquest. Now Afghanistan is about to become the air route link between the western world and China. Thus Afghanistan is an important link in the chain of cultures binding Europe and Asia together.
Musically, the link can be heard by listening to pieces from various regions of Afghanistan. The western and northern music is dominated by Near Eastern or Central Asian styles, while Eastern Afghan music is heavily Hindu oriented. The musical instruments also show this interlocking of cultures.
Afghan instruments are basically simple, made up mainly of strings and drums.
The string instruments most frequently used are the tanbur, a plucked, fretted lute with drone strings, the rebab, with three pairs of melody strings and ten sympathetic strings, the sarinda, a bowed, three stringed lute, and the delruba, similar in shape to the Indian sitar but smaller and bowed.
The drums of Afghanistan can be divided into two groups: single membrane instruments of Persian origin with a goblet shaped body called zerbaghali, and double membrane instruments of Indian origin like the tabla, or the two-headed dhol which is an Afghan originated instrument. There is also a vertical flute with six finger holes called the tula and the Afghan dotar, a three stringed lute which is plucked. All of the songs on this record are in the Pashtu language from the province of Nangahar which is approximately 75 miles southeast of Kabul. The capital of Nangahar is Jalalabad.
Негізгі бет Музыка Ustad Mohammad Omar & Ghulalahm - Rebab And Dhol (1972) [Afghanistan]
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