We will talk about the two currents of epistemology, Rationalism and Empiricism.
Is the way to reach knowledge through pure reason or through sensation and experience?
Let's ask this question today and start a reflection process together.
Which side do you see yourself on?
Is it one of those who think that they can obtain certain and clear knowledge through reason?
Or is it someone who thinks that experimentation is the only real kind of knowledge acquisition?
The most important representatives of the rationalism (also known as rationalism and rationalism) movement,
Socrates, Plato, Aristotle in Ancient Greek Philosophy
Farabi in the Islamic world
In modern European philosophy, Descartes (Decartes), Leibniz (Laybniz), Spinoza and Hegel.
Rationalism is the source of knowledge; It is the name given to the philosophical approach that defends the thesis that true knowledge can only be obtained with reason and thought.
First of all, What is Empiricism?
Empiricism is a philosophical term derived from the Ancient Greek "empeiria" meaning "experiment, experience, sense data".
So What is Experience?
In this context, all kinds of experiments necessarily require the sensing ability of a living thing, an animal organism. Unlike other animals, we comprehend this information we obtain with our five senses, thanks to our ability to think and distinguish, which belongs only to our species, and we transform this acquired information into a sense perception. .
Empiricism is the view that suggests that knowledge can be gained through sensations and experience. And he claims that our knowledge cannot have a metaphysical basis.
According to empiricism, there is no a priori (innate) knowledge in the human mind, man is a blank slate to the world,
It comes as (Tabula Rasa). Through our experience we learn, grow,
we develop.
Empiricism is the opposite of Rationalism. Contrary to rationalism, empiricism accepts only knowledge based on sensation and experience as knowledge, empiricism has a philosophical basis claiming that all kinds of knowledge are acquired through experience and sensations.
The most important representatives of the rationalism (also known as rationalism and rationalism) movement,
Socrates, Plato, Aristotle in Ancient Greek Philosophy
Farabi in the Islamic world
In modern European philosophy, Descartes (Decartes), Leibniz (Laybniz), Spinoza and Hegel.
Rationalism is the source of knowledge;
It is the name given to the philosophical approach that defends the thesis that true knowledge can only be obtained with reason and thought.
Accordingly, certain and universal information can only be reached through reason and with a deductive approach.
This view, which argues that the main source of knowledge is the mind,
It affirms the existence of a variety of a priori (i.e. pre-experimental knowledge) and self-evident truths, assuming that every individual has equal and unchangeable rational and logical principles. Rationalism is generally known as continental philosophy in Europe, because in England empiricism is more dominant.
00:00 Opening
00:48 Rationalism
02:30 Descartes
05:10 Empiricism
06:35 Democritus' Atomic Theory
07:08 Epicurus
07:56 Modern Empiricism - John Locke
11:42 Closing
/ r. .
/ empirist_
REFERENCES
Ahmet Cevizci - Introduction to Philosophy
Ahmet Cevizci - Philosophy of Knowledge
Macit Gökberk - History of Philosophy
On Method - Rene Descartes
History of Western Philosophy -
Bertrand Russell
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