Lambda Sensor, also known as an oxygen sensor, measures the amount of unburnt oxygen present in the exhaust pipe. The output of this sensor is used to adjust the air/fuel mixture in the combustion engine. This sensor helps to determine whether this air-fuel ratio is lean or rich.
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There are two parts in Lambda Sensor - Sensor that gets heated and the heating sensor. The operating threshold temperature of the Lambda sensor is from 300°C to 600°C. The heating sensor helps the Lambda sensor in reaching its operating temperature.
When the engine reaches the right temperature, the sensor starts measuring the unburnt oxygen present in the exhaust gases. This output is sent to the computer unit where it calculates the air-fuel ratio and checks the look-up table to optimize this air-fuel ratio. Based on this information, a calculated amount of fuel required by the engine to burn at a stoichiometric ratio is released, ensuring complete combustion.
In automobiles two Lambda sensors are used - one installed before the catalyst converter, which controls the system and the other installed behind the catalyst converter, to make sure the former one is working properly.
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