While travelling on national highways or state highways, you must have seen toll plaza. In toll plaza car, bus, truck or other big size vehicle owners or drivers pay toll tax for using toll road but two-wheeler riders don't pay any toll tax or toll charges while using same toll road. In this video i have explained "Why is a 2 wheeler exempt from paying tolls in India?".
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Firstly, one reason is the sheer volume of two wheelers being relatively negligible on highways, as has been pointed out. Also, the space and size of a two wheeler is theoretically considered as half of what a small car is. It's 0.5 PCU - Passenger Car Unit - which is the unit of measurement for one standard car - which is 1 PCU. Trucks and Buses are 3 to 3.5 PCUs and Trailers are 6 PCUs! So in the overall scheme of things as far as the road capacity, which is measured in thousands of PCUs, is concerned, the bikes don't reduce capacity by much when they ply.
Secondly, I feel the most important reason is that overall vehicles are charged for the strain they cause on the road by virtue of their movement. A two wheeler causes little or no strain owing to its light weight whereas a truck causes significant strain and thereby reduces the overall life of the pavement for which the pavement was originally designed. Recently the Supreme Court judged that all Highway operators should install weigh bridges so they can stop and charge all overloaded vehicles plying on the road. This is again to prevent loss of pavement life and deterioration in the pavement quality by such vehicles. Comparatively two wheelers have almost no impact.
Thirdly, as has been mentioned earlier, I agree that the two wheeler owner is seen to be financially worse off than the owner of a four wheeler. So perhaps the Rules have been framed to reduce commuting burden on him.
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