Wirasat/Virasat ka tariqakar- Arazi Record Centre sa Wirasat krwana ka tariqkar-ilmpatwar
اراضی ریکارڈ سینٹر سے وراثت کروانے کا طریقہ کار۔علم پٹوار
Translation of Sahih Muslim, Book 11:
KITAB AL-FARA'ID
(THE BOOK PERTAINING TO THE RULES OF INHERITANCE)
Inheritance is the entry of living persons into possession of dead persons'property and exists in some form wherever the institution of private property is recognised as the basis of the social and economic system. The actual forms of inheritance and the laws governing it, however, differ according to the ideals of different societies.
The law of inheritance in Islam is based upon five main considerations:
To break up the concentration of wealth in individuals and spread it out in society.
To respect the property right of ownership of an individual earned through honest means.
To hammer in the consciousness of man the fact that man is not the absolute master of wealth he produces but he is its trustee and is not,therefore, authorised to pass it on to others as he likes.
To consolidate the family system which is the social unit of an Islamic society.
To give incentive to work and encourage economic activity as sanctioned by Islam.
The above are some of the distinguishing features of the Islamic law of inheritance. While laying down the rules for the distribution of the estate of the deceased,the first principle to be observed is that the property both movable and immovable can be distributed after meeting the following obligations :
funeral expenses;
clearing off the debts incurred by the deceased;
payment of bequest, if any, to the extent of one-third of the total assets. It may be remembered that the Mahr of the wife, if it had not been paid, is included in the debt. Moreover, it is not lawful to make a bequest in favour of a person who is entitled to a share in the inheritance.
Four persons cannot get inheritance:
(a) a fugitive slave who has fled away from his master,
(b) one who has murdered one's predecessor intentionally or unintentionaly
(c) one who professes a religion other than Islam,
(d) one living in Dar-ul-Harb cannot inherit the property of one living in Dar-ul-Islam and vice versa.
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