即使时隔一百年,来看新疆在清末民初的这段复杂多变的历史,不由不对杨增新的魄力、定力和高超的手腕感到肃然起敬。他是一个真正的爱国者,而且以自己的行动和生命证明了这一点。十九世纪俄英之间的争霸,在英语中称为“The Great Game”, 可以译成“大狩猎”,因为这个game指“猎物”,big game 指狮子、老虎之类大猎物。不言而喻,积贫积弱的中国在这个弱肉强食的世界上处于何等的处境。至于马继业,他的中国母亲当然被他父亲抛弃在中国。至于泛突厥主义和泛伊斯兰主义,马本人也不见得有多大兴趣,因为大英帝国最主要的担心是沙俄的南下,威胁到英属印度的安全。 "The moderates were represented by Lord Elgin's Indian Administration, relying very much on the advice of George Macarney , British representative in Kashgar. Macarney was himself half-Chinese. His father, Sir Halliday Macarney , was adviser to the Chinese Legation in London. George Macarney spoke fluent Chinese, was deeply versed in Chinese ways of thought, and, of all the British diplomatists who dealt with China in the nineteenth century, there can have been none who managed more successfully to combine a deep loyalty to Britain with a genuine sympathy for, and understanding of, Chinese aims and ambition. Alone in Kashgar, without at first official status and with no escort or other visible trappings of power, Macarney from 1890 until his retirement in 1918 virtually staved off the complete domination of Sinkiang by Russia." (Alastair Lamb: The China-India Border, The origins of the disputed boundaries, Oxford University Press, 1964, P 100)
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