“Yankee Doodle,” a popular patriotic song, is the oldest national song of the United States of America. Tracing back to the folk songs of Medieval Europe, the tune of “Yankee Doodle” is thought to be older than the lyrics. The Roud Folk Song Index number for “Yankee Doodle” is 4501. The earliest words of the song came from a Middle Dutch harvest song from 15th-century Holland.
Early versions of “Yankee Doodle” began before the American Revolution and were used by both the British and Americans to ridicule each other. Around 1755, British Army surgeon Dr. Richard Shuckburgh wrote the pre-Revolutionary War song, mocking the colonial “Yankee” as a simpleton who thought he was stylish if he stuck a feather in his cap. In turn, the Americans used “Yankee Doodle” as a song of defiance, mocking the British troops. In 1776, the current version was written by Harvard student and Minuteman Edward Bangs. By 1781, “Yankee Doodle” had changed from a song of insult to a song of national pride, cheering George Washington as the Commander of the Continental Army. Today “Yankee Doodle” is the state anthem of Connecticut, and Billerica, Massachusetts is known as “America’s Yankee Doodle Town.”
“(I’m a) Yankee Doodle Dandy,” also known as “The Yankee Doodle Boy” is a patriotic song written by George M. Cohan for the 1904 Broadway musical “Little Johnny Jones.” The show was one of America’s first musicals and Cohan’s first full-length musical production. The 1942 film “Yankee Doodle Dandy” is a biographical musical about George M. Cohan, known as “The Man Who Owned Broadway.” James Cagney starred in the role of Cohan and performed the song “Yankee Doodle Dandy” in the film, which won three Academy Awards. In 1993, the Library of Congress selected the film “Yankee Doodle Dandy” for preservation in the United States National Film Registry.
The two tunes in “Yankee Doodle/Yankee Doodle Dandy” are improvised by pianist Charles Manning. In this arrangement, Charles combines both songs in a dual fashion with an interweaving exchange between the two melodies. For reference, the famed lyrics of “Yankee Doodle” are printed below.
~ Lyrics ~
Yankee Doodle went to town
A-Riding on a pony,
Stuck a feather in his cap
And called it macaroni.
(Chorus)
Yankee Doodle keep it up
Yankee Doodle Dandy,
Mind the music and the step
And with the girls be handy.
Father and I went down to camp
Along with Captain Gooding,
There were all the men and boys
As thick as hasty pudding.
(Chorus)
And there was Captain Washington
Upon a strapping stallion,
Giving orders to his men
I guess there were a million.
(Chorus)
Yankee Doodle is a tune
That comes in mighty handy,
The enemy all runs away at
Yankee Doodle Dandy.
(Chorus)
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