The way that the Christian Bible exists today is a product of modern convenience. After the invention of the printing press in 1440, and the availability of relatively cheap and easy book production, the Bible in a single-bound volume with all 66 books included and indexed became the norm. However, the Bible for the first few centuries of its recognition as scripture existed mostly as independent and separate scrolls and books. Although there were some very early collections of Gospels (𝔓45) and the letters of Paul (𝔓46), most of the earliest copies of these documents were independent single books.
For Jews and Christians, copying and translating God’s Word into the common language of the day was a key aspect in possessing and understanding these important writings. Christians were far more concerned with the meaning of the text being understood rather than preserving the exact words in their original language. The gospel message was just as, if not more important, than the physical Gospel writings. At the same time, scribes were so insistent on preserving and copying all of scripture that they would even (and sometimes purposefully) include the mistakes and marginal notes made by previous copyists just in case those aspects could possibly be original.
The early Christians were very eager to spread the good news of Jesus and so copied and translated the books that we now call the Bible with great speed and regularity. Within the first three hundred years of their inception, the biblical books were spread across the ancient world and were translated into multiple different languages. Given that these documents were handwritten and spread out very quickly, it should not surprise us, then, that these copies contain differences within their texts. Nonetheless, the overwhelming number of the differences that are found within the manuscript tradition of the Bible make no difference to meaning (when translated into modern Bibles today) or affect any essential Christian doctrine. If a difference within the manuscripts is noteworthy, modern translation committees often footnote and explain why the textual issue exists.
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