The Ottoman Empire was an empire created by Turkish tribes in Anatolia (Asia Minor) that grew to be one of the most powerful states in the world during the 15th and 16th centuries. The empire was founded around 1299 by Osman I, a Turkoman tribal leader. His successors conquered much of Anatolia and expanded into the Balkans by the mid 14th century, transforming their petty kingdom into a transcontinental empire.
At its height, the empire encompassed most of southeastern Europe to the gates of Vienna, including present-day Hungary, the Balkan region, Greece, and parts of Ukraine; portions of the Middle East now occupied by Iraq, Syria, Israel, and Egypt; North Africa as far west as Algeria; and large parts of the Arabian Peninsula.
The Ottoman Empire was known for its achievements in art, science, and medicine. Cities like Istanbul were recognized as artistic hubs, especially during the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent. The empire spanned more than 600 years and came to an end only in 1922, when it was replaced by the Turkish Republic and various successor states in southeastern Europe and the Middle East.
Негізгі бет Civilization EP21: OTTOMAN EMPIRE AT DUST - How the Ultraman Empire destroyed Byzantium
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