Ekibastuz is a city of regional subordination (founded in 1898, city status since 1957) in the west of the Pavlodar region of Kazakhstan. Located 132 km southwest of the city of Pavlodar.
There are several hypotheses about the origin of the name of the city “Eki bas tuz” (which literally means “Two heads of salt”). According to legend, Kosym Pshenbaev, who discovered coal deposits in the 19th century, marked the location of the discovery with two heads of salt, since he had nothing else with him. Thus, he unwittingly gave the name of the area. In reality, already on the two-verst topographic map compiled by the Omsk military topographic department in 1876, Lake Ekibastuz was shown with a coal deposit marked near it. The name Ekibastuz existed before the discovery of coal here.
The settlement was founded in 1898. In 1957, Ekibastuz became a city. During the Stalin era, Ekibastuz had a large correctional camp, whose prisoners had to perform forced labor in coal mines. In the Ekibastus camp, Alexander Solzhenitsyn was imprisoned, where his story “One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich” was written.
The city was built next to one of the largest coal deposits in the world. Coal mining is the city's main economic activity. The Kazakh coal mining company Bogatyr Coal is located in Ekibastuz. There are two large mining districts near the city: Bogatyr (Bogatyr) and Vostochny (East). Near Ekibastuz is the Ekibastuz Power Plant, one of the world's largest power plants with the world's tallest chimney (419.7 m). The generated electricity is dissipated along the three-phase Ekibastuz - Kokshetau line - the world's highest power transmission line with the highest transmission voltage (1150 kV). This is where the lines of the unfinished and therefore non-operating Ekibastuz HVDC Center, a direct current power transmission line project, began.
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