Shows how to make a tapered spring on a lathe.
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The springs were wound on different mandrels.
First, a 60 ° tapered mandrel was made.
To prevent the spring from sliding off the end of the mandrel during winding, a restrictive collar was made at the end.
After the end of the winding, when we release the spring, release the end of the wire, the spring develops, increases in diameter. The diameter of even the smallest coil becomes larger than the diameter of the collar, and the spring comes loose from the mandrel.
In addition, I made a cut on the shoulder with a hacksaw blade - for threading the end of the wire before winding the spring.
Just as when winding a conventional cylindrical compression spring, when winding a conical spring, I turn the end of the wire towards the larger diameter by about 10-20 degrees.
Due to the fact that the mandrel is tapered, the turns slide down along its smooth surface and the winding turns out turn to turn. When the spring is released, the coils diverge and a compression spring is obtained.
Shows how I wind the spring. Wire diameter 0.5 mm.
I thread the end of the wire into the slot, manually twist the chuck and wind the first two reference turns.
Due to the fact that when winding it is necessary to hold the wire with great effort, I hold the end of the wire with pliers.
The winding turns out turn to turn.
After I turn off the machine, I do not release the end of the wire, I hold the spring, I do not let it develop. I bite off the remaining, extra piece of wire. And carefully, holding with both hands, I allow the spring to gradually unwind. Otherwise, if you release the spring immediately, then it flies off the mandrel through the collar and at the same time becomes entangled.
After removing the spring from the mandrel, its diameter increased, a gap appeared between the turns. And the angle of the cone has decreased. This must be taken into account when making the mandrel.
This conical spring is called telescopic. It folds into a flat spiral.
Also shown is the manufacture of a conical spring on a mandrel with an angle of 30 °.
With this angle of the mandrel taper, 30 °, and with a wire diameter of 0.5 mm, the spring is not telescopic. When the springs are compressed, the coils sit on top of each other, do not lie in one plane.
A distinctive feature of conical springs is their variable stiffness. As the spring is compressed, the stiffness increases, and does not remain constant, as with coil springs.
The increase in spring stiffness during compression is explained by the unequal flexibility of the coils, which depends on their diameter. When a load is applied, the turns of the largest diameter are deformed first. The stiffness of the spring increases continuously as it is compressed, firstly, due to a decrease in the number of free turns, and secondly, due to a gradual decrease in their diameter.
The graphs of the dependence of the spring elastic force on deformation are shown. One graph is for a conventional coil spring, the graph is straight because the stiffness of the spring is constant. And another graph is for a conical spring. As the spring is compressed, its elastic force increases unevenly. At first, the strength grows weakly, and then more and more sharply. Because the stiffness of the spring increases as it is compressed.
The greater the angle of the spring cone, the more its stiffness changes as the spring is compressed. And the graph is more and more different from the straight line. And the spring force changes more sharply.
All coiled tapered springs are compression springs. In order to get a tension spring, you just need to turn the spring inside out. It turns out already a tension spring.
I tried winding a conical spring on a wooden frame as well. Everything works just as well. Shown is a spring wound on a wooden frame. True, on a wooden mandrel, the turns slide down worse. And the wooden frame wears out faster, wears out, the collar collapses. If you need to wind a lot of springs, it is better to make a metal mandrel.
This is how you can wind a conical spring. It is quite easy to make a conical spring with your own hands.
Негізгі бет Ғылым және технология How to make a tapered spring
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