The ischioanal (or ischiorectal) fossa is a fat-filled space of the perineum.
Gross anatomy
The ischioanal fossa is a paired triangular-shaped space lateral to the anal canal with an apex directed anteromedially towards the pubic symphysis. Each ischioanal fossa is separated from the other by the anococcygeal body, but they do still communicate superiorly to this and posterior to the anal canal.
Many textbooks and surgeons use the term ischiorectal fossa, however even a cursory review of the anatomy shows that the region is closely related to the anal canal, and not, the rectum.
Boundaries
roof: levator ani muscle
floor: deep transverse perineal fascia
medial wall: external anal sphincters/anal canal; levator ani muscle
lateral wall: ischial tuberosity; obturator internus muscle; obturator fascia
apex: intersection of the levator ani and obturator internus muscle
base
anteriorly: posterior border of the perineal body, urogenital diaphragm
posteriorly: sacrotuberous ligament; gluteus maximus muscle
Contents
ischioanal (or ischiorectal) fat pad
pudendal canal: lies in a fibrous sheath on the lateral wall and itself contains the pudendal nerve and internal pudendal vessels
inferior rectal branches of the pudendal nerve
posterior scrotal (labial) nerves and vessels
perineal branch of S4
perforating cutaneous nerve
lymphatic trunks
Негізгі бет Ischiorectal Fossa / Ischioanal Fossa
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