Johann Sebastian Bach
Magnificat in D major, BWV 243
Movement I. Magnificat anima mea Dominum
Year: 1723
Bach: Magnificat, BWV 243 and Cantata, BWV 80
Collegium Vocale Gent - La Chapelle Royale - Philippe Herreweghe
2000 harmonia mundi
Verba :
Magnificat anima mea Dominum,
et exsultavit spiritus meus in Deo salvatore meo.
Quia respexit humilitatem ancillae suae.
Ecce enim ex hoc beatam me dicent omnes generationes.
Quia fecit mihi magna qui potens est.
Et sanctum nomen eius !
Introduction: The Magnificat, BWV 243, by Johann Sebastian Bach was written in its first version in E-flat major just after taking office in Leipzig, probably for the feast of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary on July 2, 1723. A performance on Christmas Day 1723 is well documented. It was not until around 1730 that Bach rewrote the Magnificat in its famous version in D major. It modifies the orchestration, but above all the main practical problems of execution of the version in E-flat major are eliminated. It is one of the composer's rare musical pieces based on a Latin text, such as the Mass in B minor, BWV 232, which also shares the characteristic of being written for five voices. The Magnificat is based on the autograph of Bach's score according to musicologist Ulrich Leisinger. Lucien
Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750)
Johann Sebastian Bach is a German composer and organist of the Baroque period. His work is part of the monuments of classical music and benefit universal recognition in the history of music. His work is the testimony of a fundamental synthesis at the time in baroque period: of the Germanic tradition and the Italian and French influences, as well as all the musical processes of polyphonic composition, with a preponderante place reserved to the « melody ». Bach composed cantatas, motets, masses, Magnificats, Passions, oratorios, four-part chorales, songs and arias. His instrumental music includes concertos, suites, sonatas, fugues, and other pieces for organ, harpsichord, lute, violin, cello, flute, chamber ensemble and orchestra. There are more than 1080 known compositions by the German master. Nearly all of them are listed in the Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis (BWV), which is the best known and most widely used catalogue of Bach's compositions. Bach was better known as a virtuoso organist than as a composer in his day. The master illustrates himself in all genres (except opera), wearing the tonal music to its full expression and preparing his future transgression in the same way. Bach's use of counterpoint is brilliant and innovative, and the immense complexities of his compositional style which often included religious and numerological symbols that seem to fit perfectly together in a profound puzzle of special codes still amaze musicians today. Many consider him the greatest composer of all time.
« If there is anyone who owes everything to Bach, it is well God », writes the philosopher Emil Cioran. Indeed, the faith of Bach is the prism indispensable to the understanding of his work. Bach is a fervent Lutheran, he writes his music to the glory of God, and it is therefore his duty to cultivate his talent. Bach, a member of a family composed of a veritable dynasty of musicians, soon found himself orphaned and raised by his elder brother, an organist. He received a solid musical training on the organ, the violin and the singing, but it was by studying the writings of his contemporaries that he really assimilated the art of composition. Through his various engagements at the court or in the church, Johann Sebastian Bach constructed an opus consisting in particular of works of circumstance: to forms bequeathed by its predecessors, he gives a new dimension so much on the expressive plane that structural, by constantly renewing itself. In his time, the recognition of Johann Sebastian Bach hardly surpasses the borders of Germany where one appreciates more his qualities of organist than his compositions. Nevertheless, he trained many musicians who perpetuated his teaching. The musical heritage of the composer will be maintained for a generation by his sons then disappear with them before being brought back to the day taste by the romantics.
Lucien
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