Ruins of Sigulda Castle.Descendant of Rurik - founder of Sigulda.Descendant of Rurik - founder of Sigulda
Descendant of Rurik - founder of Sigulda
Traces of the Empire.
It is necessary to know the history of your region, city, country. Otherwise, it repeats itself, as in that film: the reds come - they rob, the whites come - they rob.
Settlements in these picturesque places have existed since ancient times, in the 2nd-3rd millennium BC. Finno-Ugric tribes lived here, engaged in hunting and fishing. Until the end of the 12th century, the region of Sigulda was inhabited by Livs. Legends and documents tell about fortified wooden castles in Satezel, Turaida, Kubesel, about the resistance of local residents to German crusader knights. However, the local lands were conquered by the German Order of the Sword and Sigulda was divided.
Sigulda Castle is the oldest castle in the county, built between 1207 and 1209 during the reign of Master Venno. Sigulda was the headquarters of the order, and from 1432 to 1560 - the residence of the land marshal. In the beginning, the castle was of the castella type - a fortified, walled castle. Around the 13th century, the Livonian Order carried out a major reconstruction of the Sigulda Castle, turning it into a monastery-type building. It is believed that the construction of Sigulda Castle reached its peak in the 15th century. Sigulda Castle was used as a place of detention for important people. During the Northern War (at the beginning of the 18th century), the castle was destroyed. Today, the southwestern building of the monastery building with Gothic windows and the tower of the main gate have been preserved.
The crusaders who conquered and colonized the coast of the Baltic Sea came mainly from various provinces of the Holy Roman Empire. They brought with them a form of political government-feudal fragmentation. As in the German states, a single state did not form in Livonia either - it consisted of five small states. Sigulda County was part of two of them. The left bank of the lower Gauja, or the lands of Sigulda, was ruled by the Brothers of the Sword, later called the Livonian Order, and the right bank, or the lands of Turaida and Krimulda, was ruled by the Archbishop of Riga. To strengthen German power, stone castles were built in Sigulda, Turaida and Krimulda.
Kropotkin.
As for the Kropotkins, they received a large part of Sigulda simply as a dowry. In the middle of the 19th century, the proud German Olga von Borch succumbed to the charm of Prince Dmitry Kropotkin and became his wife. At the end of the 19th century, the estate was managed by her son, Prince Nikolai Dmitrievich Kropotkin.
Just think: the Kropotkins built the railway station, the first bobsleigh track, and turned it into Latvian Switzerland, built an ice rink, a cinema, that is, they, in fact, founded the whole of Sigulda. And modern Sigulda arose only thanks to Kropotkin. There was a farm here! This family built a castle, which now houses the Sigulda Council. And then came the revolutionary year of 1917 and the changes, and they found an ally in the person of the Germans. But the choice was politically incorrect, since the ally turned out to be an enemy of Latvia, and automatically they were also considered enemies of independence.
In Sigulda there are monuments to the writer Rudolfs Blaumanis and the folklorist Krisjanis Baron, who lived in this city, as well as to the composer Alfred Kalnin - his mother's villa was located here. There is a monument to those deported to Siberia. And not a single monument to Nikolai Kropotkin, who turned the small town into a famous resort.
Today, all Kropotkin buildings have been preserved in Sigulda: the New Castle is occupied by the Sigulda City Hall, the White Villa is occupied by the Ministry of the Environment, the Nightingale Villa is a local hospital, the hotel works according to its profile and even opened the Kropotkin restaurant, but the Green Villa is empty.
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